Appreciation of world famous paintings（A）

Mathis:"businessman and his wife"

Mathis (1465 or 1466-1530) was born in Liege. It is speculated that he ever worked in West‘s studio and was taught by him. His early portrait painting were not free from the influence of tradition, and most are religious paintings. Although his religious paintings pursuit the simple composition, filled with bright, soft sunlight and have a wide space visual effect, but only until 1491,when he came to Antwerp and greatly changed his style, he set himself a distinctive position.

The famous《businessman and his wife》is just the sign of Mathis style change. this painting was completed in 1514,is currently collected in the Louvre in Paris. It is a typical genre painting and viewed as the model in modern art historians of describing the daily life. although before Mathis, Where • Ike already painted the "Arnault Finney couples " ,which is also a genre painting, but its custom character is not strong enough, so this picture from Mathis has such an important position.

What the painting depicted is a businessman and his wife-this is a very ordinary plot in the life. The businessman in the portrait painting is using the scale weigh the gold and silver, the look is very focused. His wife is reading the prayer book. in that book printed the Madonna and Child image(it reflects the religion coexist with the secular business).However, the pious religion can't match the secular temptation. His wife's eyes not focus on the prayer book, but stared at her husband's activities, which is subtly show the inner life of assets. It should also be pointed out that there's a few words were written in the picture's frame:" "if you are the correct scales, must use the correct weights. " it appears to be a suggestion to the businessman's morality.

In the foreground, there's a convex mirror placed on the table. through the mirror, reflect the window, street, houses and trees. With the convex mirror to extend the scene, this way was also applied in Van • Ike's paintings. it's probably because the people have great interest in new achievements in this optical technology, so it was intended to put in the paintings.

The painter West's artwork:"hay Wain"

"Hay Wain" is an enigmatic portrait painting, it is simply impossible to explain the weird people and various kinds of creatures. No one can catch the meaning of every detail, but the whole picture is understandable. Ji Luomu • the West (also translated Boss) (1450 ** 1516), is a mysterious person, has always been recognized by the historians as an incredible artist. But it is recognized by historians into the peak after the European Renaissance, the first artist representation.

West's original name is Where • Acre, as he was born in the Netherlands packet West City, so the West become a part of his name. His grandfather and father are a little known local artist. as a child, he studied painting in his homeland, but the situation but it was not recorded . In 1474, he has added to the column names in the local art guilds roster. Thirty pieces of existing works from the point of view, he likes to use exaggerated artistic, moral or religious stories in the form of fantasy, to insinuate the contemporary reality and satire exposing the cruel feudal rule, dark, so he works not only The progress of Humanism, and is enshrined in the unique master of realism. His early works such as "seven sin ", "Kana's Wedding ", "magician", etc., already showing his love in the image sent to the characteristics of complex meaning, commonly used symbolism. Particularly good use of folk proverbs Netherlands painting to express their ideas. "Hay Wain" is his most important works into the medium-term future, which give full play to the artist's artistic expression, imagination, and his spiritual world.

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Appreciation of world famous paintings（B）

The theme of the portrait painting "Hay Wain" came from an old Netherland proverb: “world is a haystack, everyone can do what he wants to ”Today, we can see in the picture: angels and demons kissing, the prodigal sitting on the nun's lap and flirting with her, monster playing the instrument,the virgin praying...the vehicle followed by pope, king and common people. they're all cheerful, some run to the front, some jump between the wheels, and some have been crushed to death. at here, human and animal intermixed together, they fighting, playing, very absurd and odd. However, in the blue sky, appeared a skinny Christ, he standing in the yellow clouds and looking down everything. Obviously, the painter is just using the Christ's eyes to see this bizarre world, it is full of Good and Evil, Truth and False, Beauty and Ugliness. To the world, West lampoons it mostly with his artistic language. So, we can see the illusion, which appeared in West's painting, is actually from his deep observation to the reality ,he just add it a romantic performace, and then make it a unique artwork.

The artist, Victoria Mayer's works

Victoria Mayer,is the third important representative in seventeenth-century Dutch painting, who was buried up for two centuries since his death. Victoria Mayer is a great unique artist after Hals and Rembrandt in the mid-seventeenth century. with the gradual loss of democratic traditions, the Dutch city of Delft turn into an advanced arts center, and John Mayer Nice • Victoria (1632 ** 1675) was born in the city and spend all his life here. Although this great painter was known by people in his lifetime but he was impoverished, heavily in debt, when was the prime of life, but suddenly passed away, lived only 43 years old. After the death, he had been forgotten, just until the mid-nineteenth century, was rediscovered by the art critics. and then became famous ,was given the rightful place. He was known as the "sleeping for two centuries Division Finks "and" the painter like a mystery. " His life was gradually discovered by people.

Victoria Mayer was born in a middle class family. His father run a inn and sell paintings at the same time. According to research, he ever learned painting from Rembrandt's most talented disciple. In 1653,he officially became the hometown's artist, joined a guild. In 1663 and1669,was twice elected as the association president. But he was strapped economy. 1672, in order to pay the heavy debt, he sellt his father's inn. After the death, he still left a large debt. The hard life may related to his many children. It is said, he has total eleven children. According to the experts, there're 34 authentic existences among all the portrait painting he left, and the rest 30 or more pieces were fakes.

Among the 34 works, except for a few portraits, landscapes and religious paintings, the majority were custom paintings, which describing the citizens' daily life, especially is the middle-class family dominated women's lives. Showing them read the letter, playing the piano, knitting and all sorts of chores. "pour milk maid" is one of them, but also representatives of Mayer-dimensional works. This portrait painting was created in 1658,simple composition, clean cut, plain environment. The maid look healthy and strong, she takes the apron corner up, preparing the breakfast, pouring the milk. The kitchen is very simple, the left wall has a window, hanging rattan basket and lantern. some food intricately arrayed on the table, the whole picture seems simple, quiet and ordinary. there's no intriguing plot, but all show a sincere life. Painter notable is the scene through the day to discover the poetry of life, the simple lyrical style to move his audience.

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Mother's portrait painting(A)

Mother died more than a year, brother wrote three times to ask for mother's portrait painting, but I'm still unable to meet brother's wishes.
Mother is superstitious and thought that the camera would take people's soul away. As i studied art for a short period, there're several times i prepared to draw a portrait for my mother, however, finally give up halfway. This is not all my reasons but mostly because mother didn't have enough time to sit down. absolutely, my painting technic is also very limited.
I remembered, when i went into the Teachers College just a few days, I couldn't wait to draw pictures for mother. She's very cooperative and especially dropped all her work, sit down to wait be drawed for a portrait painting. The full half day, although mother wanted to stand up several times but she refrained. I know, she was intended to be my model-although she does not know what the model is. but from her kind eyes and words of encouragement, it's enough to understand a mother's heart. Later, relying on random graffiti, i got a little reputation, but the opportunity like before was already gone. There're one or two times, i finally persuaded mother sit down, but couldn't draw a few strokes, she stood up with excuses. Later and later, i got married and busy with my career all day, the number of back home gradually less up, so has no more idea to draw the portrait painting for mother.
Nowadays, mother gone away, the idea for painting a mother portrait become strong day by day. but every time when i unfold the paper is not because my memory to mother blurred. on the contrary, the pain from mother's death make her image in my mind increasingly profound. The more and more vivid impression let me don't know how to put pen on paper to draw her goodness, love and strong.
Mother is a child bride, married my father in her 14 age. Father was a humble farmer. He met my mother while he sell rice on the road. In order to get some rice, grandfather betrothed mother to the equally poor father. Later mother said, an aunt and she were sold one time, but thanks to her big feet, she got the chance to escape from the master.


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Mother's portrait painting(B)

Mother is a hard worker and also very capable. After the liberation, she was elected as the women captain. she always bearing the heavy burden on her shoulders. her leading team is often the first one to complete the task and she is also the old model in people's commune era.
Mother worked all her life. in her sixties, she climbed the tree to pick Atriplex. even in seventies, she still pulling the cart. The year before death, I finally convinced her to town to live with us for some time, but she borrowed some tools from nowhere, build a small garden on the rubble.
Mother gave birth to 5 boys and 2 girls but due to poor living conditions, died of two. She loves us so much. she was in her early fifties when father died. At that time, many people urged her to remarry, but mother refused. she said ,this is unfavorable to the children. in this way, she keep the widow to thirty years. Three decades of trials and vicissitudes, mother use her weak shoulders propped up a piece of heaven for us. Today, we all got married, but she has already left us and even a portrait painting did not leave.
Mother went, was very serene. I try to finding some inspiration from the few remaining sketches and childish drawings in order to be able to complete the mother's portrait painting which should have finished earlier. However, no matter how hard i work, still can not find mother's charm, especially that pair of eyes, which ever gave me warmth, courage and strength.
Long time not return to home. today is a good day, so i came alone to the long-lost homeland, sitting next to an old tree on the cliff. Suddenly, my eyes bright, can not help but called out: "Mother - "a full wrinkled old lady with small feet came to my side, her eyes full of love, said:"hi, boy, miss your mother?"
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Veronese:"the wedding of Cana"

Depicting in a series of grand, lively party scene work showed Veronese best artistic achievement,portrait painting "the wedding of Cana " is one of those. This painting is the artist who created large decorative painting in the monastery in Italy, painting is drawn from the "Bible " story it told us about Jesus and St. Mary and the Apostles met a family wedding being held in the Jordan River, Cana of this place, the owner invited them to join, everyone drank to celebrate the wedding, then drank the light, Jesus turned the water into altar wine, everyone went on drinking pleasure. And the subject is the same as the "party house of Levi"the subject matter Committee Luonai Si creative go away from the religious content, he heartily, can be said to be "presumptuous"to play to their imagination and interest, the Bible became a real life picture The grand banquet scene. there are Venice painting in contemporary architecture, nobles, merchants and musicians, etc., in these happy people are also drawn into the Queen of England, Francis I, Titian, Dingtuo Leto and the artist himself. It is said that Luonai Si went to the Venice Commission , he found the people here is not the pursuit of religious piety, but the enjoyment of life, and he painted these life onto the portrait painting.
For the performance of the grand-scale wedding, painter designed banquet in the open air for ascribing to use of space. He painted the crowd into for three levels,and fully demonstrated the profound scene. The first level is that Jesus is the center of the guests sitting in the seats and table music for the musicians and attendants . To reflect the theme, the artist placed Jesus in the middle of guests, making the eyes of Apostles focusing on Jesus, there is still part of the religious atmosphere, in addition, the crowd was binge drinking, . Queen of England and other European monarchs sat at the table look different, they weared colorful clothing, adding luxury and fun wedding. Painter Dingtuo Leto was chatting with European monarchs,and a hand-held red stick in his hand ,attendants is in front of him ,who was wearing yellow clothes, holding hands, pouring wine, the combination of these actions enhanced the image of the movement. Artist painted himself as a musician,and intently playing musical instruments. The second level is the railings of the crowd, the action is more intense in this population, and some even climbed up the pillars. The third level is the people standing on the balcony of the building. there are one hundred and thirty people in the whole picture. In the backdrop of silver-gray tone, more than one hundred costumes are more colorful characters, make you confused, it shows that the grand and festive banquets.
The achievements of Veronese in portrait painting are great,especially decorative painting. His paintings have a bright color and distinctive perspective, constitutes a stunning effect, for the later Baroque paintings of the seventeenth century is very far-reaching. However, his paintings of depicting the figure's heart and emotion is not enough, but only on the surface, the shape of the drawing,it lack of inner strength.
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Sarto："love "

Andrea del Sarto (1486-1530 or 1531), is the last representative of the Florentine Renaissance. He was originally called up to Yao Luo, as he was born in a famous tailor's family, to be called "Sato". He used to be sent a silver jewelry craftsman talents by his father, but because of his interest in painting, and again turned to Rukeximo studio(1462-1521) to study painting. Kexi Mo was the famous painter, he trained great monks Sato painter Batuo Luo Miao. Sartori lived in Kexi Mo there, and the brothers have the deep impact on it, while deeply respect Dafen Church and Michelangelo. So his works can be said that he inherited the business of Leonardo da Vinci,and has a unique dignified and elegant classical style. 1517, his creation went into maturity, the most famous portrait painting of this period is "Apia San Egyptian world. " Spring of 1518,he was invited by King Francis to paint in France to paint. There, in addition to creating a large number of portraits, he created the painting entitled "love, "the masterpiece.
1520, he returned home, entered the peak of the arts, most notably the "Holy Assumption World"(1530, as the City Palace and for shelter) and "The Last Supper. " A first painting shows the deep foundation and unique charm as its superb use of color and shading levels on the depth of the Italian classical painting. Because of its the excellent composition ,comparing of the subtle colors and shading the latter picture achieved the better effects of novel the subtle colors and shading is achieved by comparing the effects of novel, but critics said it has been comparable with da Vinci's "Last Supper" comparable.

Sato's this "love ", also translated as "kind. " this portrait painting depicts a mother and three children, from the subject, it is world's most common life scenes. Mother's arms holding two children, one in sucking, a positive want to eat milk, and another in the knees, bent arms and looked at her mother back innocently . The entire composition triangle, is completely traditional classical style, seems stable and dignified. But the child's gestures vary, flowing folds, very soft. But the picture in this piece of earth mother and child has been associated with the Virgin and angels. Although the mother was not so solemn and holy Virgin, but because since Raphael，the Madonna is full of flavor, but this "love " because of its classic style, it makes us easy to feel Religious sentiment among the secular and contain portrait painting. However, the "love" of success, not because of it's classical style, is not it exactly like the image described by Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael, but in its gentle harmonious color.the light from the left, the mother and child are the side by light, the painter expressed the conversion of light and shade by nuanced characters, especially in young children and mothers folds of flesh, and profoundly expressed the Sato of the great skill, which is the classical style of Italian painter inherited an outstanding example.
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The great German Christian painter - Richter

Hieronymus Richter (1837 /01/ 11 -1899/04/08) was born in Silesia Altwilmsdorf in Germany January 11, 1837, , 19th century, religion, portrait painter in German history.
Richter was born in a worker's family, father was gilder, mother did some manual labor to feed their families, the family's economic conditions were not rich.
After Richter finished high school in Silesian, he had no will for further studies , but wanted to leave Altwilmsdorf for the coveted "Artists’ city" Munich to study portraits paintings, but his parents did not agree with this fantastic idea. A distant relative ,uncle Anton Ludwig brought the gospel, that he was willing provide free help and support for him to study art , and soon arranged for him to Munich to find art institutions, which reproduced the light of Richter’s life.
From year 1856 to 1863, Richter studied in Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Munich. Guided by the professional teacher, he soon came to the fore, and revealed a high artistic talent. He was ever the student of the great German painter, William • von Kaulbach, mainly studying religion-based theme. The two famous artists had a significant influence on Richter in Christian art . After graduation, Richter used to work at Glatz, but did not find his direction in life.
From personal feelings point of view, Richter was a devout Christian. He always had a habit of choosing to trust God whenever he encountered frustrations, and God seemed always to be at his side, and helped him at the key moment. On the other hand, Richter rethought art through religion or the religion had opened up a wider field of art for him, he was touched and encouraged deeply by Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael's artistic works. Richter developed a great art road by following up great artists’ footprints.
In the mid-19th century, Lixitemuming went to England to visit the "Brotherhood of sleep." At that time the British art world was experiencing a silent reforming movement, many artists put forward the slogan of going back to the early Raphael classical style beautiful paintings in the early 15th century. Their painting creations were originated from classical history and mythology, and emulated the persistent attitude of the early Raphael’s period. Richter knew there a number of promising young artists like Ford • Maddox • Brown • William Holman Hunt, etc. Richter had deep empathy on British strict treatment on the art and yearning to perfectionism.
Richter ‘s first piece of work was about the church and Jesus, his interpreted a different image of Jesus in an alternative point of view, which was highly praised by the church and the arts, laying a good foundation for his departure for religious art. Since then, the shadow of Raphael could be seen in some of his works , that was the application of an equilateral triangle composition, which made the overall picture more stable. Richter's portrait painting techniques learned in leaps and bounds in the copy and refering.
From 1865 to 1883 he returned to Silesia, taught in a high school as an art teacher and founded a studio. He joined altarpieces and many other committees, wrote altar painting for the church. In addition, he created a large number of historical figures, religious and secular portraits. His religious paintings enjoyed large popularity. In 1883, Richter received legal recognition of teaching and professor title issued by the church of Prussian minister. He was an art Association member in Munich Christian.
Richter was in poor health in his old ages, not suitable for many outdoor activities, but he still did not stopped working, but insisted on painting. In 1899, Richter died at the age of 62. The great painter ,having outstanding contribution to German religious art, in front of his portraits paintings, did not closed his eyes forever until the last moment.
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